The introduction of nutrients in any biological system will stimulate plant growth and productivity. It is for this reason that farmers apply fertilizer to their crops, and homeowners use fertilizer and other chemicals on lawns and gardens. In an aquatic ecosystem, nutrients act in much the same way, stimulating growth in algae and other aquatic vegetation. However, too much plant growth in an aquatic system can be detrimental. Apart from being a nuisance to lakefront property owners and recreationists, it can also have a very real impact on the water quality and fish population of a lake or stream.
Die-off and decomposition of algae blooms can reduce dissolved oxygen and suffocate fish and other aquatic life. Some forms of algae (blue-green) may produce toxins that can be harmful if ingested by humans and animals. As algae die and decompose, the process consumes oxygen. Submerged plants without sunlight die, decompose and consume more oxygen. Without enough dissolved oxygen in the water, fish and other organisms suffer and die because they can't “breathe” (MN PCA, 2008).
Die-off and decomposition of algae blooms can reduce dissolved oxygen and suffocate fish and other aquatic life. Some forms of algae (blue-green) may produce toxins that can be harmful if ingested by humans and animals. As algae die and decompose, the process consumes oxygen. Submerged plants without sunlight die, decompose and consume more oxygen. Without enough dissolved oxygen in the water, fish and other organisms suffer and die because they can't “breathe” (MN PCA, 2008).